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Periodontitis is a serious gum disease that damages the soft tissue and bone that supports tooth. On the base of the tooth plaque and tartar are accumulated.They pull the gum away. It causes infection.
Symptoms of periodontitis:
- Bleeding gums when brushing teeth and touching ( not always painful ). Healthy gums are usually light pink and form tight seal around the teeth. Tender, red or purple-colored gums may indicate gum disease( periodontitis )
- Bad breath or bad taste in the mouth
- Receding gums and formation of deep pockets between teeth and gums
- Loose or shifting teeth
Periodontitis is one of the main dental disease that results in tooth loss with adults.15% of 21-50 years old adults and 30% of people above the age of 50.
Treatment:
The goals of gum disease treatment are to reduce swelling and the dept of the pockets, to remove plaque and tartar and to stop disease progression. Treatment options depend on the stage of disease and your overall health. Options range from nonsurgical therapies to surgery to restore supportive tissues. Regular plaque and tartar cleaning is needed to prevent periodontitis recidive. If not treated on time periodontal disease may end with tooth loss, infection, ulceration, abscess and risk of heart disease. Bacteria that cause gum inflammation can penetrate in the blood flow and reach the heart and other organs. It may activate the production of C reactive protein in liver which is a heart disease predictor.
What are the causes of periodontitis?
- Besides dental plaque forms on teeth there are other factors that cause periodontitis
- Hormonal changes during pregnancy, puberty, menopause and monthly menstruation. Gums become more sensitive and it is easier for periodontitis to develop.
- Illnesses like cancer, HIV that interfere with the immune system.
- Medications. Some of them lessen the flow of saliva that has a protective effect on teeth and gums.
- Genetical predisposition. If anyone in your family ( parents, relatives ) has the same disease, it could mean that you are at a greater risk to develop it.
Good news is that regular visits to the dental clinic and good oral hygiene can reversed periodontitis. We may also add to stop smoking, reduce stress and eat a balanced diet.
